Clinical Trial Finder

Inclusion Criteria:

• - Female patients 18 years of age or older.

• - Have undergone major gynecological cancer surgery (staging surgery, debulking surgery, - - Total or radical hysterectomy, unilateral or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, lymph node removal, open or laparoscopic access) - Have signed informed consent.

• - Have received thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin, fondaparinux, or unfractionated heparin during the index hospitalization.

Exclusion Criteria:

• - Age < 18 years.

• - Refusal of informed consent.

• - Physician decision that involvement in the trial was not in the patient's best interest.

• - Patients with a medical indication for anticoagulation therapy at the time of inclusion (for example, diagnosis of venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation, mechanical valve prosthesis) - Patients with contraindications to anticoagulation (active bleeding, liver failure, blood dyscrasia, or prohibitive hemorrhagic risk in the investigator's assessment) - Active cancer (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) defined as cancer not in remission or radiotherapy requiring active chemotherapy or adjunctive therapies such as immunotherapy.

• - Use of strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and/or glycoprotein P (P-gp) (eg, protease inhibitors, ketoconazole, Itraconazole) and/or use of P-gp and strong inducers of CYP3A4 (how but not limiting rifampicin/rifampicin, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine or St. John's wort) - Creatinine clearance <30 ml / min.

• - Pregnancy or breastfeeding.

• - Known HIV infection.

- Presence of one of the following uncontrolled or unstable cardiovascular diseases: stroke, ECG confirmed acute ischemia or myocardial infarction, and/or clinically significant dysrhythmia

Cancer-associated thrombosis is the second leading cause of mortality in cancer patients, mainly due to the most common complication, venous thromboembolism (VTE). New oral antithrombotic strategies for VTE prevention after gynecological cancer surgery might be non-inferior to parenteral low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in efficacy and safety with increased adherence, comfort, and reduced costs. This is a multicenter, open-label, prospective, randomized, active-controlled study, and non-inferiority trial. Four hundred and forty patients submitted to major gynecological cancer surgery will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either oral rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily or subcutaneous enoxaparin 40mg once daily for 30 days post-operative. The primary efficacy outcome is a combination of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related death or VTE detected by mandatory Doppler ultrasound on day 30±4 post-operative. The primary safety outcome is the incidence of major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis criteria.

Arms

Experimental: Rivaroxaban

Oral Rivaroxaban (10 mg once daily) for 30 days post-operative

Active Comparator: Enoxaparin

Subcutaneous Enoxaparin (40 mg once daily) for 30 days post-operative

Interventions

Drug: - Rivaroxaban

Patients will be submitted to an initial screening evaluation during hospitalization. At discharge, they will be randomized and enrolled to be treated with oral rivaroxaban (10 mg once daily, for 30 days), once randomized to this group. A mandatory lower limb Doppler ultrasound will be carried out on day 30±4 as part of the primary efficacy endpoint. A final follow-up phone call visit will be performed on day 60 postoperative.

Drug: - Enoxaparin

Patients will be submitted to an initial screening evaluation during hospitalization. At discharge, they will be randomized and enrolled to be treated with subcutaneous enoxaparin (40 mg once daily, for 30 days), once randomized to this group. A mandatory lower limb Doppler ultrasound will be carried out on day 30±4 as part of the primary efficacy endpoint. A final follow-up phone call visit will be performed on day 60 postoperative.